IP 90-2 Conceptual orientations in teacher education.
Abstract
This paper describes and analyzes five conceptual orientations that have dominated the thinking of teacher educators in this century. Loosely connected to views of teaching, learning and/or learning to teach, these conceptual orientations represent sets of ideas about the ends and means of teacher education. To illustrate how these ideas have influenced teacher education practice, examples of specific programs or program components accompany the discussion of each orientation. The paper concludes with a discussion of the value and limits of the conceptual orientations framework as a guide to program development.